4D Printing: smart materials that autonomously transform over time through external stimuli and AI. In medicine, orthopedic scaffolds and devices self-assemble within the body. The healthcare market will reach $4.7 billion by 2034.

The AddMamBa project transforms steel scrap into metal powder to print high-performance building components with 3D laser technology. Concrete circular economy to reduce emissions, consumption, and waste in the construction sector.

Colossal Biosciences has developed artificial eggs with 3D-printed shells and silicone membranes: 26 chicks have hatched. The technology aims to save endangered species and bring back the giant moa, whose eggs no living bird can incubate.

LEAP 71 compares a classic nozzle and an aerospike of 20 kN in CuCrZr: the first is stable and efficient beyond 93%, the second at 50 bar but with startup criticalities. Mature nozzle for immediate missions, promising aerospike for multi-regime efficiency and reusable launches.

ESA is developing Smart Skin, an intelligent 3D-printed skin for space robotic arms. The flexible coating integrates thermal protection, sensors, and wiring for lunar and Martian missions, overcoming the limits of traditional insulation.

Flexible 3D structures that become rigid: variable geometries, asymmetric struts, and central limiting structures allow for the controlled transition from flexibility to rigidity, optimizable with 3D printing and composite materials.

HyCAT, a Pentagon program, accelerates hypersonic aerodynamic testing with dedicated vehicles and commercial launchers, reducing time and costs.

3D bioprinting uses 15% GelMA and 0.5% LAP to create precise and reproducible tissue models. Photopolymerization at 405 nm and low/intermediate speed printing ensure high cell viability. The use of viscoelastic supports such as Pluronic allows for complex geometries without cell damage. Modular systems such as MagMix easily integrate existing platforms, improving

Metal 3D printing in space is still experimental. Suborbital experiments show potential but last only a few minutes, insufficient for complex processes. The first metal objects have been produced on the ISS, demonstrating long-term feasibility. However, challenges such as thermal control, power supply, structural integration, and material quality are slowing down the application

An artificial intelligence model developed by KIMS and Max Planck Institute predicts the mechanical properties of metal components produced with LPBF, analyzing pore morphology without destructive testing.

The German project AddMamBa transforms scrap steel into structural components for construction via 3D printing, reducing emissions and waste. Through the atomization of metal scraps into powder suitable for laser melting, brackets and connectors are obtained with performance similar to traditional components, but with lower environmental impact. The approach includes chemical control, optimization

Transistors produced with Aerosol Jet Printing are overcoming the limits of printed electronics, opening new paths for flexible and low-cost devices. Thanks to a resolution of 10-50 micrometers and the use of printable materials, this technology allows for the realization of circuits on 3D substrates with good electrical reliability, suitable for sensors, wearable electronics, and circuits lo